汽车初级英语02-Structure of automobile

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汽车初级英语02-Structure of automobile
Structure of automobile
  It is well-known that automobile is composed of four sections such as engine,chassis,body and electrical system (see figure 1.1).
Figure 1.1 brake, transmission, steering, suspension, electrical equipment,engine,body. Layout of  a modern automobile
  The automobile engines can be classified according to:1.number of cylinders;2.arrangement of cylinders;3.arrangement of valves;4.type of cooling;5.number of cycles(two or four);6.type of fuel burned;7.type of ignition.
  The engine which is called the “heart” of a vehicle is used to supply power for an automobile. It includes the fuel, lubricating, cooling, ignition and starting systems. Generally, an automobile is operated by internal combustion engine. The internal combustion engine burns fuel within the cylinders and converts the expanding force of the combustion or “explosion” into rotary force used to propel the vehicles.
  The chassis is a framework used to assemble auto components on it. The chassis itself is divided into four systems like transmission system, suspension system, steering system and brake system.
  The transmission system applies to the components needed to transfer the drive from the engine to the road wheels. The main components are clutch, gearbox, drive shaft, final drive and differential.
  The primary purpose of the suspension system is to increase strength and durability of components and to meet customers’ requirements for riding comfort and driving safety. In automobile suspension, the major component is springs. The springs used on today’s vehicles are engineered in a wide variety of types, sizes, rates and capacities. Spring types include leaf springs, coil springs and torsion bars. Springs are paired off on vehicles in various combinations, and are attached to vehicle by different mounting techniques.
  The function of steering system is to provide the driver with a means for controlling the direction of vehicle as it moves. The steering system consists of steering wheel, steering shaft, worm, gear sector, pitman arm, drag link, steering knuckle arm, king pin, steering arms, tie rod, front axle and steering knuckle. They enable the car to change the direction by means of turning and moving forth and back.
  The automobile brake system is a friction device to change power into heat. When the brakes are applied, they convert the power of momentum of the moving vehicle (kinetic energy) into heat by means of friction, thus retarding the motion of the vehicle. Structurally, an automotive brake system contains these major parts like brake drum, brake shoe, brake lining, etc. Functionally, an automotive brake system can be divided into wheel brake mechanism and parking brake mechanism.
  The automobile body serves the obvious purpose of providing shelter, comfort and protection for the occupants. The body is generally classified into four sections: the front, the rear, the top and the underbody. These sections can further fall into a lot of assemblies and parts, such as the hood, the fendors, the roof panels, the door, the instrument panel, the bumpers and the luggage compartment.
  The electric system supplies lighting and driving power for the automobile. It cranks the enging for starting. It supplies the high-voltage surges that ignite the compressed air-fuel mixture in the combustion chambers. The electric system includes the battery, generator, starting system, ignition system, lighting system, horn system, radio and other devices.
  The auto description above seems to conclude that though automobiles are quite different in design, they are basically similar in structure.

flydog12

It's a good artical for freshman to make a initial sense on vehicle.

tsubasafly

可惜没有中文呢 难道我自己翻？ 很烂啊~~~~~

rosepink

thanks a lot~~~

542756045

感谢分享.