汽车英语阅读

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汽车英语阅读
Piston（活塞） The piston is an important part of a four-stroke cycle engine. Most pistons are made from cast aluminum. The piston, through the connecting rod, transfers to the crankshaft the force created by the burning fuel mixture. This force turns the crankshaft. Thin, circular, steel bands fit into grooves around the piston to seal the bottom of the combustion chamber. These bands are called piston rings. The grooves into which they fit are called ring grooves. 活塞是四冲程发动机的重要部件。大多数活塞由铸铝制成。活塞，通过连杆，与曲轴相连并将燃烧混合气产生的力传给曲轴。这种力量使曲轴转动。把薄的，圆形的，钢圈放进活塞周围的凹槽以密封燃烧室的底部。这些圈叫做活塞环。安装活塞环的凹槽称为活塞环槽。 To withstand the heat of the combustion chamber, the piston must be strong. It also must be light, since it travels at high speeds as it moves up and down inside the cylinder. The piston is hollow. It is thick at the top where it takes the brunt of the heat and the expansion force. It is thin at the bottom, where there is less heat. The top part of the piston is the head, or crown. The thin part is the skirt. Most pistons have three ring grooves at the top. The sections between the ring grooves are called ring lands. 为了禁得住燃烧室的高温，活塞必须有足够的强度。同时活塞必须很轻，因为它在气缸内以很高的速度上下移动。活塞是空心的。活塞顶部厚，承受着高温燃气的带有冲击性的高压力。底部薄，在那里热量少。活塞的顶部是活塞头或者活塞顶。薄的部分是裙部。大多数活塞的顶部有3个活塞环槽。活塞环槽之间的部分称为环带。 A piston pin fits into a round hole in the piston. The piston pin joins the piston to the connecting rod. The thick part of the piston that holds the piston pin is the pin boss. 活塞销装在活塞的环形的孔里。活塞销把活塞和连杆连接起来。用来支撑活塞销的活塞厚的部分称为活塞销凸台。 Piston Rings（活塞环） piston rings fit into ring grooves near the top of the piston. In simplest terms, piston rings are thin, circular pieces of metal that fit into grooves in the tops of the pistons. 活塞环装在活塞顶部附近的活塞环槽里。简单地讲，活塞环就是装在活塞顶部的凹槽里的薄，圆的金属。 In modern engines, each piston has three rings. (Piston in older engines sometimes had four rings, or even five.) The inside surface of the ring fits in the groove on the piston. The ring's outside surface presses against the cylinder walls. Rings provide the needed seal between the piston and the cylinder walls. That is, only the rings contact the cylinder walls. The top two rings are to keep the gases in the cylinder and are called compression rings. The lower one prevents the oil splashed onto the cylinder bore from entering the combustion chamber, and is called an oil ring. 现代的发动机，每个活塞有3 道环。(在更旧的发动机里活塞有4道环甚至5道环。)这些环的内表面和活塞上的凹槽相配合。环的外表面推挤气缸壁。环为活塞和气缸壁之间提供了必要的密封。即，只有环与气缸壁接触。最顶的两道保证活塞与气缸壁间密封的环叫做气环。底下的一道防止机油飞溅到缸筒从而窜入燃烧室的环叫做油环。 Piston Pin（活塞销） The piston pin holds together the piston and the connecting rod. This pin fits into the piston pin holes and into a hole in the top end of the connecting rod. The top end of the rod is much smaller than the end that fits on the crankshaft. This small end fits inside the bottom of the piston. The piston pin fits through one side of the piston, through the small end of the rod, and then through the other side of the piston. It holds the rod firmly in place in the center of the piston. 活塞销把活塞和连杆连接在一起。这个销装在活塞销座孔和连杆小头衬套孔内。连杆的小头比安装在曲轴的大头小得多。小头装在活塞的底部。活塞销贯穿活塞，把连杆小头与活塞连在一起，并将连杆保持在活塞中心的适当位置处。 Pins are made of high-strength steel and have a hollow center. Many pins are chrome-plated to help them wear better. 销由高强度的钢做成并且是空心的。很多销都是镀铬的以使他们更加耐磨。
Connecting Rod（连杆） The connecting rod little end is connected to the piston pin. A bush made from a soft metal, such as bronze, is used for this joint. The lower end of the connecting rod fits the crankshaft journal. This is called the big end. For this big-end bearing, steel-backed lead or tin shell bearings are used. These are the same as those used for the main bearings. The split of the big end is sometimes at an angle, so that it is small enough to be withdrawn through the cylinder bore. The connecting rod is made from forged alloy steel. 连杆小头连接着活塞销。衬套由软金属制成，例如青铜，被用于这种连接。在连杆大头安装曲柄轴颈。这被称为连杆大头。对连杆大头轴承来说，使用的是铅的钢背或锡的轴瓦式轴承。这些轴承与那些被用作主要轴承的轴承相同。大头的裂口有时有一个角度，以便足够小通过气缸。连杆由锻造的合金钢制成。
Crankshaft（曲轴） The crankshaft, in conjunction with the connecting rod, converts the reciprocating motion of the piston to the rotary motion needed to drive the vehicle. It is usually made from carbon steel which is alloyed with a small proportion of nickel. The main bearing journals fit into the cylinder block and the big end journals align with the connecting rods. At the rear end of the crankshaft is attached the flywheel, and at the front end are the driving wheels for the timing gears, fan, cooling water and alternator. 曲轴，和连杆一起，把活塞的往复运动转化为驾驶车辆需要的旋转运动。通常由小比例的镍熔成的碳钢制成。主要轴承曲颈安装在气缸体和与连杆大头末端匹配的曲颈上。曲轴的后端连接着飞轮，前端是连接着定时齿轮，风扇，冷却水和交流发电机的驱动轮。 The throw of the crankshaft, i.e. the distance between the main journal and the big end centers, controls the length of the stroke. The stroke is double the throw, and the strokelength is the distance that the piston travels from TDC to BDC and vice versa. 曲轴的摆幅，即在主要曲颈和连杆大头末端中心之间的距离，控制着冲程的行程。一个冲程等于两个摆幅的行程是活塞从上止点运动到下止点的距离，反之亦然。
Flywheel（飞轮） The flywheel is made from carbon steel. It fits onto the rear of the crankshaft. As well as keeping the engine rotating between power strokes it also carries the clutch, which transmits the drive to the gearbox, and has the starter ring gear around its circumference. There is only one working stroke in four so a flywheel is needed to drive the crankshaft during the time that the engine is performing the non-power strokes. 飞轮由碳钢制成。它安装在曲轴的后面。除了保持发动机在作功冲程时旋转，它还通过离合器将动力传给变速箱并且在飞轮的圆周上还有起动齿轮。因为4个工作冲程中只有一个冲程作功，所以发动机处于非作功冲程时，飞轮带动曲轴旋转







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[分享]汽车名词及解释(中英对照)2
动力剎车器(Power-Brake)
以引擎真空及油压操纵Booster等作用补助剎车力量的剎车。
剎车来令(Brake Lining)
剎车蹄片上的制动表面所张贴的摩擦材料，一般大型汽车是以铆钉固定，而小型车则用粘剂加压张贴之。
剎车蹄片(Brake Shoes)
受剎车凸轮或推杆的作用量被推向外展开压制剎车鼓，而起制动作用的配件，其形状似如半月形。
鼓式剎车(Drum brakes)
由剎车底板、剎车分泵、剎车蹄片等有关连杆、弹簧、梢钉、剎车鼓所组成。目前仅普通采用于后轮。
碟式剎车(Disc Brakes)
使用金属块(碟)而不用鼓轮，在剎车碟的两边都有一平坦的剎车蹄，当剎车总泵来的油压压送到分缸，使剎车蹄向剎车碟夹住，以达到剎紧的效果，目前已普遍用于前轮，有的高级车装置四轮碟式剎车，其优点是作用灵敏，散热良好，不必调整剎车间隙，保养容易。
剎车油(Brake Fluid)
液压剎车系统所使用的液体称为剎车油，它必须不起化学作用，不受高温的影响，对金属及橡胶不会产生腐蚀、软化、膨胀之影响，目前所采用的有DOT3、DOT4、DOT5。
4、钢圈与车胎(Wheel rim, Tire)
轮胎面(Tire Tread)
指轮胎面接触在地面的部份，为防止打滑及散热起见，在轮胎面设置有许多花纹。
无内胎轮胎(Tubeless Tires)
轮胎内未配装内胎而此轮胎本身就有内胎构造，空气即充填在胎中，目前已普遍采用，取代有内胎的车轮。
内胎(Tire Tube)
以良质的橡胶制成，充填空气支持车重，配装在外胎内部，目前小轿车较少采用，而大客货车仍普遍用之。
轮胎尺寸(Tire Size)
轮胎尺寸印在胎壁上，表示方法有二种，即如34*7或7.50-20等表示之。前者为高压轮胎，后者为低压轮胎。另外也有许多记号，例如D用于轻型汽车，F用于中型汽车，G指标准型汽车，H、L、J是用于大型豪华及高性能汽车。如胎壁上加印个R，如175R13，表示轮胎是径轮胎，宽长175mm(6.9英吋)，装在轮圈直径13英吋(330mm)在车轮上，一般也会刻上RADIAL字。
钢圈(Wheel Rim)
大多数车辆所使用的钢圈为钢材压制及焊接而成，目前的钢圈为钢材压制及焊接而成，目前的钢圈外环制造的很精确，以装配无内胎的轮胎。
铝合金钢圈(Alumminum-Rim)
质轻，加工容易，是一体铸成，不易变形，外观多变化，目前多采用，有省油，导热性良好，强度分布均匀，减少滚动噪音的优点。
轮胎平衡(Wheel Balance)
是前轮定位中，对轮胎的检查项目之一，轮胎若不平衡，会造成车辆行驶时，左右偏摆震荡上下跳动，方向盘摆震的现象，驾驶乘座极不舒适，必须配挂重铅块于钢圈的两侧，使之平衡。
车轮定位(Wheel Alignment)
汽车的前轮，为顾及操作容易及行驶上的安全，减少轮胎的磨损，于设计时则订定各项角度，即前束、内倾角、外倾角、后倾角，转向前展等五个项目，近年来车辆多采用四轮独立悬吊，而后轮亦做有前束及外倾角，以增加行驶的稳定及舒适性，故有后轮定位。
偏滑测试(Side Slip Tester)
以车子行驶1公里，车子偏向横侧之公尺数表非，即m/km，一般不得超过3-5m/km。车辆产生侧滑之原因为前束、外倾角，后倾角等调整不良之结果，所以监理站做车辆安全检查时，只需量偏滑值即可。
5、汽车电系(Automotive Electric System)
起动马达(Starting Motor)
利用齿轮传动来摇动引擎或起动引擎的电动马达。
电磁开关(Solenoid Switch)
借着电磁线圈蕊的移动而使开关合的一种小开关装置。其蕊也会导致机械作用，如将传动小齿轮与飞轮的齿轮啮合，以激活引擎。
卤素头灯(Halogen Headlamp)
一种灯泡内充满卤素的聚光大灯，其光度较一般头灯为亮。
汽油表(Fuel Level Indicator)
分为装在驾驶室仪表板的表体及装在油箱上的量油器两部份。
机油压力表(Oil Pressure Gauge)
通称为机油表，指示引擎内部机油压力的大小。至于油底壳中的机油量，需要引擎旁的机油尺测量。现今多数汽车以警告灯代替机油压力表。
压缩机(Compressor)
空调系统的机件，可探冷却剂蒸气压缩以增加其压力及温度。
冷凝器(Condenser)
空调系统的机件，能将管子中的热量，以很快的方式，传到管子附近的空气，大部分的汽车置于水箱前方。
储液器和干燥器(Dehydrator)
安装在冷凝器和挥发器之间，*近冷凝器，用来储存液体冷媒，并且将冷媒里的水份吸掉。
冷媒(Refrigerant)
在空调系统中，透过蒸发与凝结，使热转移的一种物质。俗称氟里翁(Freon)。
冷冻油(Refrigerant Oil)
润滑空调系统里的活动机件，实施空调工作时，必须重新充填。
交流发电机(Alternator)
在汽车电系中，一种可将机械能改变成为电能的装置。由此可充电至电瓶，并可供应各电器的电力。
调整器(Regulator)
在充电系统中，能控制交流发电机电压的轮出，以防电压过高的装置。
电瓶水(Battery Acid)
电瓶内所用的电解液：是硫酸和水的混合物。
电瓶电压(Battery Voltage)
由电瓶极板数量决定，每一片极板为2.1伏特，一般12伏特电瓶则有六片极板。
发火线圈(Coil)
在汽车点火系统中，它可将电瓶的电压(12v)转变成为火星塞点火燃烧时所需的高电压。
分电盘(Distributor)
点火系统高低压电的转接站，可将通往发火线圈的电路接通或切断，而后将产生的高电压配送到各缸火星塞。
点火开关(Ignition Switch)
点火系统的开关(通常要使用钥匙)，可自由开启或关闭点火线圈的主要电路，也适用于其它电系电路。
火星塞(Spark Plug)
为两电极及一绝缘体组合而成，可提供引擎汽缸火花点火间隙的一种零件。
分火头(Rotor)
分电盘里的零件，跟着分电盘轴一起轴动，利用一金属薄片，将高压电送至火星塞。
6、转向系统(Steering System)
转向拉杆(Steering Linkages)
此装置是被用来连接前轮转向节和转向齿轮，使方向盘转动时，可使前轮由一边摆向另一边。
轮向齿轮(Steering Gear)
固定在转向机轴下端的齿轮和装配在转向臂的齿轮总称。可将方向盘的旋转动作，转换成拉杆的直线运动。有二种基本的转向齿轮：回旋滚珠式和齿棒小齿轮式。
回旋滚珠式齿轮(Recirclulating-Ball Steering Gear)
此种转向齿轮，利用内部的循环珠，使螺母和螺杆之间的接触摩擦大大减少，让驾驶者操作方向盘轻巧方便。
动力转向(Power Steering)
汽车所使用的动力转向系统，基本上是经修改的手动转向系统，主要的是增加一个助力器(Power Booster)，以帮助驾驶者。
7、悬吊系统(Suspension System)
钢板弹簧(Leaf Spring)
扁平长方形的钢板呈弯曲形，以数片叠成的底盘用弹簧，一端以梢子安装在吊架上，另一端使用吊耳连接到大梁上，使弹簧能伸缩。目前适用于中大型的货卡车上。
圈状弹簧(Coil Spring)
圈状弹簧为独立式悬吊装置使用最多之弹簧，以弹簧钢卷成螺旋状。
扭杆弹簧(Torsion-Bar Spring)
扭杆一端固定在车架上，另一端使用臂与车轮连接，车轮上下跳动时使扭杆扭转，以扭转弹力来吸收震动，构造简单占位置小，适合小型车使用，但材质要佳。
平稳杆(Stabilizer Bar)
平稳杆属横向装置于车架与控制臂之间，其功用可减少悬吊系统的移动及车身摇摆，尤其汽车转弯时，因离心力作用，会使车身发生倾斜，此杆抗衡扭力的作用足以减轻汽车偏外的程度。
避震器(Shock Absorber)
避震器的需求是由于弹簧不能马上稳定下来，也就是说弹簧被压缩再放开以后，它会持续一段时间又伸又缩，所以避震器可以吸收车轮遇到凹凸路面所引起的震动，使乘坐舒适。
前悬吊(Front Suspension)
前悬吊系统使前轮可以上下移动并吸收路面震动，但是也须使车轮能左右摆动，以便汽车转向。除大货卡车外，大多的车辆已普遍采用独立式悬吊装置，左右轮互相无关系，为独立动作。
后悬吊(Rear Suspension)
一般车辆后悬吊系统会采用钢板弹簧，或螺旋弹簧，但现今的轿车为使乘坐舒适，亦采用独立悬吊系，与前悬吊系相同，可以使四个轮子各自独立，为减少轮胎磨损及行驶稳定，需作后轮定位。
自动水平控制装置(Automatic Level Control)
自动水平控制系统为专门应付汽车后部荷重的改变，没有自动水平控制的汽车若在后部加重，汽车后部就会下沉，则会改变汽车的操纵特性，使头灯上扬。
8、车体(Body)
全长(Overall Length)
自前保险杆至车尾最末端之长度。
全宽(Overall Width)
车身左右最大之宽度。
全高(Overall Height)
自地面至车身最高点之高度。
轮距(Track)
前轮胎左右中心线之距离。
轴距(Wheel Base)
前轴中心点与后轴中心点间之距离。
感应烘烤(Induction Baking)
利用静电和电磁感应所发热量来烘烤涂装面的意思。
9、其它(Other)
三元触媒转换器(Three-Way Catalytic Converter)
使用铑和其它催化转换器，用来限制废气中 HC、Co和NOx等污染物的含量。
排气系统(Exhaust System)
指收集并且排放废气的系统，包括排气歧管、排气管、灭音管、尾管以及共振器。
共振器(Resonator)
一种类似灭音管，可减少排气噪音的装置。
蒸气液体分离器(Vapor-Liquid Separator)
蒸发气排散控制系统内的装置，可防止液体燃油经由活性碳滤罐蒸气管流入引擎。
电子燃料喷射(Electronic Fuel-Injection System)
能将燃料喷入引擎，并能定时、测油的一种系统。
氧气感知器(Oxygen Sensor)
排气管的装置之一，可测量废气中的含氧量，并将此讯号透过电压讯号送至ECU，作为调整混合比之参考。
感知器(Sensor)
任何可接收及反应讯号的装置，如电压的改变、温度及压力的变化，电子燃料喷射系统中，各厂牌均使用了6至10个以上的感知器。
电动汽油泵(Electric Fuel Pump)
供应超额油量至分油盘以维持喷射系统的工作压力：一般装在油箱附近

NOS全称NITROUS OXIDE SYSTEM，即氮气加速系统。是由美国HOLLEY公司开发生产的产品。在目前的世界直线加速赛(DRAG RACING)中，为了在瞬间提高大比率马力，利用的液态氮氧化物系统正是NOS。其实，早在二次世界大战中德国空军已开始使用NOS，战争结束后才逐渐被用于直线加速赛。NOS的工作原理是把二氧化氮(Ｎ2Ｏ)，即俗称的笑气(LAUGH GAS)高压形成液态后装入钢瓶中，然后在引擎内与空气一道充当助燃剂与燃料混合燃烧（其可放出氧气和氮气，其中氧气就是关键的助燃气体，而氮气又可协助降温），以此增加燃料燃烧的完整度，提升马力。由于NOS提供了额外的助燃能力（氧气量大）所以安装NOS后还要对应增加燃油喷量与之配合，"要想马儿跑，就要马儿多吃草。"燃料就是引擎的草，引擎的动力也因此得到进一步的提升。NOS与涡轮增压、机械增压一样，都是为了增加引擎混合气中的氧气含量而提升燃烧效率增加马力，不同的是NOS是直接利用氧化物，而后两者则是通过外力增加空气密度来达到目的。也许有人会问为什么不直接使用氧气而用一氧化二氮呢？那是因为用氧气难以控制引擎的稳定性（高温和爆炸力），所以极少直接使用氧气。 改装店建议NOS系统每次使用时间不可超过1分钟，但其实按照系统开关要尽油门才开启来看，一般也就几秒的使用时间就可令转速超6000而令电脑自动断油。






汽车英语
缩写 英语含义 汉语含义
A ／ C Air Conditioning 空调
A ／ T Automatic Transaxle (Transmission) 自动变速器
ACC Air Condition Clutch 空调离合器
ACT Air Charge Temperature 进气温度
AFC Air Flow control 空气流量控制
AFS Air Flow Sensor 空气流量传感器
AI Air Injection 二次空气喷射
ACL AirCleaner 空气滤清器
AIV Air Injection Valve 空气喷射阀
ALCl Assembly Line Communication Link 总装线测试插座
ALDl Assembly lne Diagnostic Link 总装线诊断插座
ALT Alternator 交流发电机
APS Absolute Pressure Sensor 绝对压力传感器
ATS Air Temperature Sensor 空气温度传感器
AP Accelerator Pedal 加速踏板
ABS Anti-lock Brake System 防抱死刹车系统
ATF Automatic Transmission Fluid 自动变速箱油液
A ／ F Air Fuel Ratio 空气燃料混合比
AMP Ampere(S) 安培 ( 电流强度 )
APPROX Approximately 大约，近似
ATDC After Top Dead Center 上止点后
AUTO Automatic 自动
ATT Attachment 附件
ALR Automatic Lock Return 自动馈回缩器
B+ Battery Positive Voltage 蓄电池正极
BARO Barometric Pressure 大气压力
BARO Sensor Barometric Pressure Sensor 大气压力传感器
BP Barometric Pressure Sensor 大气压力传感器
BAT Battery 电瓶
BTDC Before Top Dead Center 上死点前
BDC Bottom Dead Center 下死点
CMP Camshaft Position 凸轮轴位置
CARB Carburetor 化油器
CCC Converter Clutch Control 转换离合器控制
CDI Capacitive Discharge Ignition 电容放电式点火
CMFI Central Multiport Fuel lnjectoion 中央多点燃油喷射
CES Clutch Engage Switch 离合器接合开关
CFI Central Fuel lnjection 中央燃油喷射
CFI Continous Fuel Injection 连续燃油喷射
CID Cylinder Identification Sensor 汽缸传感器
CIS Continous Fuel lnjection 连续燃油喷射
CKP Crank shaft Position 曲轴位置
CKP Sensor Crank shaft Position Sensor 曲轴位置传感器
CL Closed Loop 闭环控制
CP Crank shaft Position 曲轴位置
CPP Clutch Pedal Position 离合器踏板位置
CPS Camshaft Position Sensor 凸轮轴位置传感器
CPS Crank shaft Position Sensor 曲轴位置传感器
CTP Closed Throttle Position ， 节气门关闭位置
CTS Engine Coolant Temperature Sensor 发动机水温传感器
CYP Cylinder Position 汽缸位置
CAT Catalytic Converter 触酶转换器
CO Carbon Monoxide 一氧化碳
CYL Cylinder 汽缸
CPC Clutch Pressure Control 离合器压力控制
CARB Carburetor 汽化器，化油器
CPU Central Processing Unit 中央处理器
CHG Charge 充电
D — Jetronic Multiport Fuel Injection D 型多点燃油喷射
DLC Data Link Connector 数据传递插接器
DFI Direct Fuel Injection 直接燃油喷射
DI Direct lnjecton 直接喷射
DI Distributor lgnition 分电器点火
DID Direct lnjection — Diesel 柴油直接喷射
DTM Diagnostic Test Mode 诊断测试模式
DTC Diagnostic Trouble Code 诊断故障码
DLI Distributorless Ignitioo 无分电器点火
DS Detonation Sensor 爆震传感器
DIFF Differential 差速器
DOHC DoubleOverhe~IdCamshaft 顶置双凸轮轴
DPI Dual Point lnjection 两点喷射
DRL Daytime Running Light 白天行驶灯
E2PROM Electrically Erasable Programmable Read
Only Memory 可以擦写的只读存储器
EATX Electronic Automatic Transmission ／ Transaxle 电控自动变速器
EC Engine Control 发动机控制
ECA Electronic Control Assembly 电子控制总成
ECM Engine Control Module 发动机控制模块
ECT Engine Coolant Temperature 发动机冷却水温
EDIS Electronic Distributorless lgnition System 电子无分电器点火系统
EEC Electronic Engine Control 电子发动机控制
EEPROM Electrially Erasable Programmable Read
Only Memory 可电擦写的只读存储器
EFI Electronic Fuel lnjection 电控燃油喷射
EGOS Exhaust Gas Oxygen Sensor 氧传感器
EGR Exhaust Gas Recirculation 废气再循环
EGRV ExhaustGasRecirculationvalve 废气再循环阀
EGS Exhaust Gas Sensor 氧传感器
EPROM Erasable PrOgrammable Read Only Menory 可擦写的只读存储器
ESA Electronic Spark Advance 点火提前
ESAC Electronic Spark Advance Control 点火提前控制
EST Electronic Spark Timing 点火正时
EVAP Evaporative Emission 蒸发排放污染
EX Exhaust 排气
ELD Electrical Load Detector 电子负载检测器
EPS Electrical Power Steering 电子动力转向
FC Fan Control 风扇控制
FP Fuel Pump 燃油泵
FWD Front Wheel Drive 前轮驱动
FR Front Right 右前
FSR Fail SafeRelay 失效安全继电器
FIA Fuel lnjection Air 燃油喷射进气
GEN Generator 交流发电机
GND Ground 搭铁
GAL Gallon 加仑
H ／ B Hatchback 掀背式
H02S Heated Oxygen Sensor 加热型氧气传感器
HC Hydrocarbons 碳氢化合物
lA Intake Air 进气
IAT Intake Air Temperature 进气温度
IATS Intake Air Temperature Sensor 进气温度传感器
lAC Idle Air Control 怠速控制
IACV Idle Air control Valve 怠速空气控制阀
ICM Ignition Control Module 点火控制模块
ISC Idle Speed Control 怠速控制
lAB Intake Air Bypass 进气歧管
IAR Intake Air Resonator 进气共鸣器
IMA IdleMixtureAdjustment 怠速混合比调整
IMPS Intake Manifold Pressure Sensor 进气歧管压力传感器
IN Intake 进气
IG or IGN Ignition 点火燃烧
ID Identification 辨证，识别
ID or I ． D ． Inside Diameter 内径
KAM Keep Alive Memory 磨损修正系数存储器
K — Jetronic Continous Fuel lnjection 机械式连续喷射
KE — Jetromc Continous Fuel lnjection 机电结合式连续喷射
KS Knock Sensor 爆震传感器
KOEO KEY — ONEngine — OFF 点火开关 ON 发动机不启动
KOER KEY — ONEngine — Running 点火开关 ON 发动机运转
L — Jetronic MultiportFuellnjeetion L 型多点燃油喷射
LH — Jetronic MultiportFuel lnjection LH 型多点燃油喷射
LHD Left Handle Drive 左侧驾驶
L ／ C Lock — up Clutch 锁定离合器
LF Left Front 左前
LSD Limited Slip Differential 防滑差速器
LR Left Rear 左后
L 一 4 In — Line Four Cylinder(engine) 直列式 4 汽缸 ( 发动机 )
LED Light Emitting Diode 发光二极管
M ／ C Mixturure Control 混合气控制
MAF Mass Air Flow 质量空气流量
MAP Manifold Absolute Pressure 歧管绝对压力
MAT Manifold AirTemperature 歧管空气温度
MCS Mixture Control Solenoid 混合气控制电磁线圈
MCU Microprocessor Control Unit 微处理器控制单元
MFI Muhipoint Fuel lnjection 多点燃油喷射
MFE MultipointFuel lnjection 多点燃油喷射
Mil Malfunction lndicator Lamp 故障指示灯
M ／ S Manual Steering 手 ( 机械式 ) 转向
MAF Mass Air Flow Sensor 空气流量计
M ／ T Manual Transmission 手动变速箱
MCK Motor Check 马达检示
MAX Maximum 极大值
MIN Minimum 极小值
MPI Multi Point lnjection 多点喷射
NPS Neutral Position Switch 空挡开关
N Neutral 空转位置 ( 空挡 )
NOX Nitrogen Oxides of 氮氧化合物
02S Oxygen Sensor 含氧传感器
P ／ N Park ／ Neutral Position 停车／空挡位置
P ／ S Power Steering Pressure Switch 动力转向压力开关
PCM Power train Control Module 动力控制模块
PCV Positive Crankcase Ventilation 曲轴箱强制通风
PFI Port Fuel lnjection 进气门口燃油喷射
PIP Position lndicator Pulse 曲轴位置传感器
PNP Park ／ Neutral Position 停车／空挡位置
PROM Programmable Read Only Memory 可编程只读存储器
PSP Power Steering Pressure 动力转向压力
PSPS Power Steering Pressure Switch 动力转向油压开关
p Park 停车
PSAI Pulsed Secondary Air lnjection 脉动式二次空气喷射
PGM — FI Programmed — fuel lnjection 程式控制燃料喷射
PGM — IG Programmed lgnition 程式化点火
PMR Pump Motor Relay 由泵马达继电器
PSW Pressure Switch 压力开关
PSF Power Steering Fluid 动力转向油
Qty Quantity 数量
RAM Random Access Memory 随机存储器
RM Relay Module 继电器模块
ROM Read Only Memory 只读存储器
RR Rear Right 右后
RHD Right Handle Drive 右侧驾驶
REF Reference 参考
RL Rear Left 左后
SBEC Single Board Engine Control 单板发动机控制
SEFI Sequential Electronic Fuel lnjection 次序电控燃油喷射
SFI Sequential Fuel lnjection 次序燃油喷射'
SMEC Single Module Engine Control 单片发动机控制
SPI Single Point lnjection 单点喷射
SAE Society of Automotive Engineers 美国汽车工程师学会
SOHC Single Overhead Camshaft 顶置单凸轮轴
SOI Solenoid 线圈
SPEC Specification 规格
S ／ R Sun Roof 遮阳板
SRS Supplemental Restrgint System 安全气囊
STD Standard 标准
SW Switch 切换开关
SCS Service Check Signal 维修检示信号
SEC Second 秒、第二
TB Throttle Body 节流阀体
TBI Throttle Body Fuel lnjectlon 节流阀体燃油喷射
TC Turbocharger 涡轮增压器
TCM Transmission Control Module 变速器控制模块
TP ThrottlePosition 节气门位置
TPS Throttle Position Sensor 节气门位置传感器
TPS Throttle Position Switch 节气门位置开关
TPI Tuned Port lnjection 进气口喷射
TWC Three Way Catalytic Converter 三元催化反应器
T Torque 扭力
TDC Top Dead Center 上死点
TDCL Test Diagnostic Communication Link 自诊接头
T ／ N Tool Number 工具编号
TCC Torque Convertor Clutch 变扭器离合器
TRC Traction Control 牵引控制
VAF Volume Air Flow 体积空气流量
VAT Vane AirTemperature 进气温度
VCC Viscous Converter Clutch 变扭离合器
VSS Vehicle Speed Sensor 车速传感器
VSV Vacuum Solenoid Valve 真空电磁阀
VTEC Variable Valve Timing Valve Lift 可变式气门正时
VC Viscous Coupling 粘性偶和
VIN Vehicle ldentification Number 车身号码 ( 出厂号码 )
VVIS Variable Volume Intake System 可变进气系统







汽车英语阅读(一)之 Fuel Economy
Eaton has been focusing its automotive strategy and resources on fuel economy，safety and environmental impact.
Eaton creates solutions to partner with OEMs to effectively respond to the market demands for improved fuel economy, vehicle emissions and safety systems, via our engine air management and powertrain and specialty controls. Eaton has the technological innovations and related customer services to fully support the industry in reducing the future environmental impact of vehicles. Eaton’s ULVâ Ultralite valves (2000 PACE Award Finalist) also contribute to improved fuel economy providing engine valves up to 50% lighter than conventional engine valves. Eaton’s integrated transmission control modules alter the performance of any transmission to provide fewer connections throughout the powertrain resulting in increased fuel efficiencies through optimal shifting. Eaton expertise in powertrain controls includes controls for Automated Manual Transmissions (AMT), another way Eaton’s technological innovations respond to market drivers for lower emissions and lower fuel consumption.
Strategy [5strAtidVi] n. 策略, 军略 OEM – Origin Equipment Manufacture 原始设备制造商 Powertrain – 动力传递系统 Innovation [7inEu5veiFEn] n. 改革, 创新 Integrated [5inti^reitid] adj. 综合的, 完整的 Module --- 模块(美国汽车业大多数为模块化生产) Optimal [5CptimEl] adj. 最佳的, 最理想的 Automated Manual Transmissions --- AMT 手动自动变速器 Emission [i5miFEn] n. (光、热等的)散发, 发射, 喷射 Consumption [kEn5sQmpFEn] n. 消费, 消费量, 肺病

汽车英语阅读(二)-- 电子扭矩耦合式差速器

此主题相关图片如下：

Electronic Torque Coupling Differential This latest advancement in electronic torque coupling technology is Dana’s first in a series of new electronically controlled all-wheel-drive solutions aimed at improving vehicle mobility. It has the capability of seamlessly transferring torque from the driving axle to the non-driving axle, from front to rear or rear to front in any vehicle. This system provides continuous uninterrupted performance under any driving conditions and axles equipped with Dana’s electronic torque coupling differential are compatible with all forms of anti-lock braking and vehicle stability control systems. This unique differential can be programmed to deliver zero to 100 percent of the available torque to the wheels as determined by the software program.
Differential ------ 差速器 Coupling [5kQpliN] n. 联结, 接合, 耦合 all-wheel-drive 全轮驱动 mobility [mEu5biliti] n. 活动性, 灵活性, 迁移率, 机动性 seamless [`si:mlIs] adj. 无缝合线的, 无伤痕的 driving axle 驱动桥 uninterrupted [5QnintE5rQptid] adj. 不停的, 连续的, 未受干扰的, 不间断的 equipped v. 装备,预备,整装 vbl. 装备,预备,整装 compatible [kEm5pAtEbl] adj. 谐调的, 一致的, 兼容的 anti-lock braking 防抱死制动器 stability [stE5biliti] n. 稳定性
汽车英语阅读(三)--Sport Utility Vehicles
Sport Utility Vehicles One of the most popular kinds of car in the United States is not really a car at all. It is a combination of a car and a truck. It is called a sports utility vehicle, or S-U-V. Some people criticize the vehicles. They say S-U-Vs use too much fuel and increase air pollution. They also say the vehicles may even be dangerous in some situations. The market for S-U-Vs continues to grow. About twenty-two percent of all cars and trucks sold in America are S-U-Vs. One reason may be that the S-U-V seems like a vehicle that can do many different things. Brock Yates is an official for Car & Driver Magazine. He says that women like S-U-Vs. He says the vehicles have a lot of space to transport children and food. Many Americans like the feeling they get from driving an S-U-V. The vehicles are larger than other cars on the road. This gives many drivers a feeling of safety. Yet, the size of S-U-Vs is a concern. S-U-Vs use more fuel than passenger cars. S-U-Vs are designed with larger engines because they are meant to carry heavy loads. In fact, they are considered light trucks by the xxxxxxxxxxx. Car-makers have been designing larger S-U-Vs as the vehicles grow more popular. For this reason, the average fuel use for light trucks has not changed much since nineteen-eighty-five. S-U-Vs also produce more pollution than passenger cars do. S-U-Vs create large amounts of carbon dioxide, a gas that is said to cause climate change. One study found that an S-U-V will release about two times as much carbon dioxide as a car over the life of the vehicle. Critics say S-U-Vs also produce more substances like carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxides. These gases form polluted air, or smog. There is evidence that S-U-Vs may not be as safe as many people believe. The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration compared S-U-Vs and normal cars in deadly accidents. Its study found that car passengers died in eighty percent of deadly accidents between cars and S-U-Vs. Other studies showed that S-U-Vs can turn over more easily than cars. The vehicles do not have the same safety
bring take fetch get carry 都含“拿”、“带”、“取”的意思。 bring 指“从别处把东西或人带来”、“拿来”, 如:He brought a new book with him.他带来一本新书。 take 指“把东西带走或拿走”, 如:Please take the letter to the post office.请把这封信送到邮局去。 fetch 指“到别处去把某人或某物带来或拿来”, 如:She has gone to fetch water.她去打水去了。 get 是常用词, 多用于口语, 与fetch 同义, Go and get some water. 去打些水来。 carry 指“随身携带(不说明固定方向)”, 有时含有“负担”的意思, 如:Let me carry the box for you.请让我替你拿这个箱子。
light truck 轻型卡车
the average fuel use 平均燃油消耗
carbon dioxide n. [化]二氧化碳
carbon monoxide n. [化]一氧化碳
nitrogen oxides 氮氧化物

汽车英语阅读(四)--安全气囊
Steering wheel TV installers under scrutiny Federal vehicle safety investigators are gathering information about custom shops that remove air bags from steering wheels to install TVs. Federal law prohibits removing a safety device from a car. Adding TVs to cars, including in the steering wheel, is popular with professional athletes, rappers and urban youths. But it is widely criticized because the potentially lifesaving air bag is replaced with a TV that a driver can see, a distraction that could cause an accident. Tim Hurd, spokesman for the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, says each case of removing a safety device could result in a $5,000 fine. “We don’t have a formal investigation, but we are looking into this issue of conversion shops disconnecting air bags to install TVs,” he says. Investigators will look at how widespread the trend is and what shops are doing the work. Meanwhile, makers of small video screens built for vehicles say they discourage installers from putting TVs where drivers can see them. Most require installers to agree to enable a locking mechanism in any monitor the driver can see that keeps it from working while the car is moving. Alpine Electronics of America, a leading maker of TV monitors for cars, says installers it finds violating the agreement can lose their Alpine retailer’s license. Even so, the policy is “difficult to police,” says Steve Witt, vice president of marketing for Alpine. Witt, who is chairman of a consumer electronics industry committee overseeing use of video monitors in vehicles, says electronics makers, automakers and federal regulators are working on industry standards for installing TVs in vehicles. TV monitors in vehicles is the fastest-growing segment of the consumer electronics industry, he says.
1. steering wheel 方向盘 2. prohibit 禁止做某事,后接doing sth. 3. air bag 安全气囊 4. fine 罚款 5. automaker 汽车制造商 6. Most require installers to agree to enable a locking mechanism in any monitor the driver can see that keeps it from working while the car is moving. 大多数商家能够征得使用者的同意,在监视器上安装一个锁止装置,在汽车行驶时阻止工作.
汽车阅读英语(五)--汽车身体名称你知道多少?

此主题相关图片如下：

1.engineer 发动机2.transmission 变速箱3.drive shaft 传动轴4.differential 差速器5.rear drive axle 后驱动桥
汽车英语阅读(六)--汽车身体名称你知道多少?

此主题相关图片如下：

1. pinion gear 2. carrier case 3. side gear4. differential case 5. bearing cap 6. ring gear
1.行星齿轮 2. 主减速器壳 3. 半轴齿轮 4. 差速器壳 5. 轴承盖 6. 被动齿轮

g19881020

好多专业词汇！我喜欢

yangdf860506

非常有用，谢谢

super0754

不错不错不错

super0754

谢谢 谢谢……

super0754

谢谢楼主，这资料实在太好了，就是我积分少了点

张铁明

很不错，很专业，就是没有积分，学专业英语还得多看多练啊！

jokefan

楼主辛苦啊，向楼主致敬！

dingxingde

不错  挺好的

王坤波

好资料，谢谢楼主

雨季孤狼

很棒的资料，谢谢

小乐乐

不错的资料